Evaluating Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers as a Correlate of Protection for Influenza: A Sensitivity Analysis Based on Information Theory and Causal Inference
Introduction: Identifying hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers as a key immune correlate of protection (CoP) is crucial for developing, licensing, and monitoring the ongoing effectiveness of new influenza vaccines. Using a new statistical methodology, we explored the link between an inac...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Global Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jgid.jgid_89_24 |
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| _version_ | 1850206981444337664 |
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| author | Fenny Ong Geert Molenberghs Andrea Callegaro Wim Van Der Elst Geert Verbeke Florian Stijven Ingrid Van Keilegom Ariel Alonso Abad |
| author_facet | Fenny Ong Geert Molenberghs Andrea Callegaro Wim Van Der Elst Geert Verbeke Florian Stijven Ingrid Van Keilegom Ariel Alonso Abad |
| author_sort | Fenny Ong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction:
Identifying hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers as a key immune correlate of protection (CoP) is crucial for developing, licensing, and monitoring the ongoing effectiveness of new influenza vaccines. Using a new statistical methodology, we explored the link between an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine’s impact on HI antibody titers and its effectiveness against A/H1N1-associated influenza illness.
Methods:
We utilized data from a phase 3, observer-blind, randomized, controlled trial in children aged 6–35 months to assess HI antibody titers as an immune CoP. The assessment used a statistical method developed within a causal inference framework and a new information-theoretic metric of surrogacy, the so-called individual causal association (ICA).
Results:
The 75% and 85% uncertainty intervals of the ICA are 0.5511–0.8282 and 0.3632–0.8684, respectively, indicating a substantial reduction in the uncertainty about the vaccine’s effect on the absence of infection when its impact on the HI antibody titers is known.
Conclusions:
The evaluation yielded evidence supporting the validity of HI antibody titers as a CoP for influenza infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-00db97b73fd24e9da84c903d0d545bc2 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0974-777X 0974-8245 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Global Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-00db97b73fd24e9da84c903d0d545bc22025-08-20T02:10:39ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Global Infectious Diseases0974-777X0974-82452025-01-01171172310.4103/jgid.jgid_89_24Evaluating Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers as a Correlate of Protection for Influenza: A Sensitivity Analysis Based on Information Theory and Causal InferenceFenny OngGeert MolenberghsAndrea CallegaroWim Van Der ElstGeert VerbekeFlorian StijvenIngrid Van KeilegomAriel Alonso AbadIntroduction: Identifying hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers as a key immune correlate of protection (CoP) is crucial for developing, licensing, and monitoring the ongoing effectiveness of new influenza vaccines. Using a new statistical methodology, we explored the link between an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine’s impact on HI antibody titers and its effectiveness against A/H1N1-associated influenza illness. Methods: We utilized data from a phase 3, observer-blind, randomized, controlled trial in children aged 6–35 months to assess HI antibody titers as an immune CoP. The assessment used a statistical method developed within a causal inference framework and a new information-theoretic metric of surrogacy, the so-called individual causal association (ICA). Results: The 75% and 85% uncertainty intervals of the ICA are 0.5511–0.8282 and 0.3632–0.8684, respectively, indicating a substantial reduction in the uncertainty about the vaccine’s effect on the absence of infection when its impact on the HI antibody titers is known. Conclusions: The evaluation yielded evidence supporting the validity of HI antibody titers as a CoP for influenza infection.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jgid.jgid_89_24causal inferencecorrelate of protectionhemagglutination inhibition antibody titerinformation theoryreverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenzasurrogate |
| spellingShingle | Fenny Ong Geert Molenberghs Andrea Callegaro Wim Van Der Elst Geert Verbeke Florian Stijven Ingrid Van Keilegom Ariel Alonso Abad Evaluating Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers as a Correlate of Protection for Influenza: A Sensitivity Analysis Based on Information Theory and Causal Inference Journal of Global Infectious Diseases causal inference correlate of protection hemagglutination inhibition antibody titer information theory reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza surrogate |
| title | Evaluating Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers as a Correlate of Protection for Influenza: A Sensitivity Analysis Based on Information Theory and Causal Inference |
| title_full | Evaluating Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers as a Correlate of Protection for Influenza: A Sensitivity Analysis Based on Information Theory and Causal Inference |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers as a Correlate of Protection for Influenza: A Sensitivity Analysis Based on Information Theory and Causal Inference |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers as a Correlate of Protection for Influenza: A Sensitivity Analysis Based on Information Theory and Causal Inference |
| title_short | Evaluating Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers as a Correlate of Protection for Influenza: A Sensitivity Analysis Based on Information Theory and Causal Inference |
| title_sort | evaluating hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers as a correlate of protection for influenza a sensitivity analysis based on information theory and causal inference |
| topic | causal inference correlate of protection hemagglutination inhibition antibody titer information theory reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza surrogate |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jgid.jgid_89_24 |
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