Are primary schools ready for immersive virtual reality? Resistance among stakeholders

Abstract Immersive virtual reality (IVR), as presented through headsets, is becoming increasingly relevant in education, especially in STEM fields, due to its potential to make complex concepts more accessible. Despite empirical evidence revealing the potential of IVR, its adoption in primary school...

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Main Authors: Sarah Schnyder, Josua Dubach, Lucas Dall’Olio, Sebastian Tempelmann, Trix Cacchione, Corinna S. Martarelli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Nature 2025-08-01
Series:Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05702-1
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author Sarah Schnyder
Josua Dubach
Lucas Dall’Olio
Sebastian Tempelmann
Trix Cacchione
Corinna S. Martarelli
author_facet Sarah Schnyder
Josua Dubach
Lucas Dall’Olio
Sebastian Tempelmann
Trix Cacchione
Corinna S. Martarelli
author_sort Sarah Schnyder
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Immersive virtual reality (IVR), as presented through headsets, is becoming increasingly relevant in education, especially in STEM fields, due to its potential to make complex concepts more accessible. Despite empirical evidence revealing the potential of IVR, its adoption in primary schools remains low. The objective of this paper is to examine the level of acceptance and intention to use IVR among different stakeholders in Swiss primary schools. To achieve this, we conducted online questionnaires with directors (n = 37), teachers (n = 70), and parents/caregivers (n = 202). The results indicated considerable variability in the responses, with a general resistance to integrating IVR being detected across all groups. Common reasons for this resistance included high costs, technical challenges, and uncertainty about IVR’s pedagogical value. However, we found that individuals who saw value in IVR were more likely to express the intention to integrate it into their schools. We discuss the importance of bridging the gap between IVR research and the reality of school implementation through targeted projects to encourage its integration into primary education.
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spelling doaj-art-00bc75a0764e4e40a6722e1840a799812025-08-20T03:46:04ZengSpringer NatureHumanities & Social Sciences Communications2662-99922025-08-0112111210.1057/s41599-025-05702-1Are primary schools ready for immersive virtual reality? Resistance among stakeholdersSarah Schnyder0Josua Dubach1Lucas Dall’Olio2Sebastian Tempelmann3Trix Cacchione4Corinna S. Martarelli5Faculty of Psychology, UniDistance SuisseUniversity of Teacher Education BernFaculty of Psychology, UniDistance SuisseUniversity of Teacher Education BernUniversity of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern SwitzerlandFaculty of Psychology, UniDistance SuisseAbstract Immersive virtual reality (IVR), as presented through headsets, is becoming increasingly relevant in education, especially in STEM fields, due to its potential to make complex concepts more accessible. Despite empirical evidence revealing the potential of IVR, its adoption in primary schools remains low. The objective of this paper is to examine the level of acceptance and intention to use IVR among different stakeholders in Swiss primary schools. To achieve this, we conducted online questionnaires with directors (n = 37), teachers (n = 70), and parents/caregivers (n = 202). The results indicated considerable variability in the responses, with a general resistance to integrating IVR being detected across all groups. Common reasons for this resistance included high costs, technical challenges, and uncertainty about IVR’s pedagogical value. However, we found that individuals who saw value in IVR were more likely to express the intention to integrate it into their schools. We discuss the importance of bridging the gap between IVR research and the reality of school implementation through targeted projects to encourage its integration into primary education.https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05702-1
spellingShingle Sarah Schnyder
Josua Dubach
Lucas Dall’Olio
Sebastian Tempelmann
Trix Cacchione
Corinna S. Martarelli
Are primary schools ready for immersive virtual reality? Resistance among stakeholders
Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
title Are primary schools ready for immersive virtual reality? Resistance among stakeholders
title_full Are primary schools ready for immersive virtual reality? Resistance among stakeholders
title_fullStr Are primary schools ready for immersive virtual reality? Resistance among stakeholders
title_full_unstemmed Are primary schools ready for immersive virtual reality? Resistance among stakeholders
title_short Are primary schools ready for immersive virtual reality? Resistance among stakeholders
title_sort are primary schools ready for immersive virtual reality resistance among stakeholders
url https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05702-1
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