CMV reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill intensive care unit patients: a retrospective study

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is observed in immunosuppressive patients and causes adverse clinical outcomes. CMV reactivation in immunocompetent patients is less known. We aimed to retrospectively investigate CMV reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill patients with bacte...

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Main Authors: Taylan Onder, Sevil Alkan, Ebru Dogan, Alper Sener
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2024-10-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/19430
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author Taylan Onder
Sevil Alkan
Ebru Dogan
Alper Sener
author_facet Taylan Onder
Sevil Alkan
Ebru Dogan
Alper Sener
author_sort Taylan Onder
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is observed in immunosuppressive patients and causes adverse clinical outcomes. CMV reactivation in immunocompetent patients is less known. We aimed to retrospectively investigate CMV reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill patients with bacterial growth in lower respiratory tract; and investigate the relationship between reactivation and outcomes such as length of stay (LOS), mechanical ventilation duration, and mortality. Methodology: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients that were CMV IgG-positive, CMV IgM-negative immunocompetent, mechanically ventilated for over 48 hours, and were diagnosed with respiratory tract colonization with Acinetobacter baumannii or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were included. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on serum and endotracheal aspirate samples. The patients were divided into groups of those with and without VAP and sepsis. Reactivation rates and CMV DNA levels were compared between the groups. Results: CMV reactivation was seen in 27 of 34 patients (79.4%). CMV DNA level was 5.8 times higher in patients with VAP and sepsis than patients without, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.717). LOS and mechanical ventilation duration were higher in patients with reactivation (p = 0.047 and 0.036). No relationship was found between reactivation and mortality (p = 0.774). Conclusions: The rate of CMV reactivation was 79.4%. This was the second-highest reactivation rate reported in the literature. The reactivation was associated with prolonged hospitalization and mechanical ventilation.
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spelling doaj-art-00a07cc9e5144149a4093e6a9a18af9c2025-08-20T03:52:39ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802024-10-01181010.3855/jidc.19430CMV reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill intensive care unit patients: a retrospective studyTaylan Onder0Sevil Alkan1Ebru Dogan2Alper Sener3Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Osmaniye Kadirli State Hospital, Osmaniye, TurkiyeDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, TurkiyeDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bayburt State Hospital, Bayburt, TurkiyeDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkiye Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is observed in immunosuppressive patients and causes adverse clinical outcomes. CMV reactivation in immunocompetent patients is less known. We aimed to retrospectively investigate CMV reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill patients with bacterial growth in lower respiratory tract; and investigate the relationship between reactivation and outcomes such as length of stay (LOS), mechanical ventilation duration, and mortality. Methodology: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients that were CMV IgG-positive, CMV IgM-negative immunocompetent, mechanically ventilated for over 48 hours, and were diagnosed with respiratory tract colonization with Acinetobacter baumannii or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were included. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on serum and endotracheal aspirate samples. The patients were divided into groups of those with and without VAP and sepsis. Reactivation rates and CMV DNA levels were compared between the groups. Results: CMV reactivation was seen in 27 of 34 patients (79.4%). CMV DNA level was 5.8 times higher in patients with VAP and sepsis than patients without, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.717). LOS and mechanical ventilation duration were higher in patients with reactivation (p = 0.047 and 0.036). No relationship was found between reactivation and mortality (p = 0.774). Conclusions: The rate of CMV reactivation was 79.4%. This was the second-highest reactivation rate reported in the literature. The reactivation was associated with prolonged hospitalization and mechanical ventilation. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/19430critical illnesscytomegalovirusimmunocompetentintensive care unitreactivation
spellingShingle Taylan Onder
Sevil Alkan
Ebru Dogan
Alper Sener
CMV reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill intensive care unit patients: a retrospective study
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
critical illness
cytomegalovirus
immunocompetent
intensive care unit
reactivation
title CMV reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill intensive care unit patients: a retrospective study
title_full CMV reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill intensive care unit patients: a retrospective study
title_fullStr CMV reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill intensive care unit patients: a retrospective study
title_full_unstemmed CMV reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill intensive care unit patients: a retrospective study
title_short CMV reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill intensive care unit patients: a retrospective study
title_sort cmv reactivation in immunocompetent critically ill intensive care unit patients a retrospective study
topic critical illness
cytomegalovirus
immunocompetent
intensive care unit
reactivation
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/19430
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AT ebrudogan cmvreactivationinimmunocompetentcriticallyillintensivecareunitpatientsaretrospectivestudy
AT alpersener cmvreactivationinimmunocompetentcriticallyillintensivecareunitpatientsaretrospectivestudy