Diagnostic innovations in Equine Parasitology: a Nanogold-ELISA for sensitive serodiagnosis of migratory strongylus vulgaris larvae infections

Abstract Strongylus vulgaris, a devastating parasitic nematode in equids, causes life-threatening verminous aneurysms that are challenging to diagnose early. This study pioneered integrating nanotechnology into an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA) system to enhance the sensitivity...

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Main Authors: Hanadi B. A. Baghdadi, Mohamed Abdelsalam, Marwa M. Attia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:BMC Veterinary Research
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04389-x
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author Hanadi B. A. Baghdadi
Mohamed Abdelsalam
Marwa M. Attia
author_facet Hanadi B. A. Baghdadi
Mohamed Abdelsalam
Marwa M. Attia
author_sort Hanadi B. A. Baghdadi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Strongylus vulgaris, a devastating parasitic nematode in equids, causes life-threatening verminous aneurysms that are challenging to diagnose early. This study pioneered integrating nanotechnology into an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA) system to enhance the sensitivity and specificity for detecting S. vulgaris larval antigens in equine serum samples, with PCR confirmation of the species. A conventional i-ELISA and an innovative nano-based ELISA were developed using excretory-secretory antigens from adult S. vulgaris worms. The nano-ELISA incorporated gold nanoparticles (17.4–41.4 nm) conjugated with detection antibodies, enabling remarkable signal amplification. Of the 120 examined equines, 100 (83.33%) were positive for S. vulgaris infection. A conventional i-ELISA and an innovative nano-ELISA incorporating 17.4–41.4 nm gold nanoparticles were optimized using S. vulgaris excretory-secretory antigens. Both assays demonstrated high specificity, with no cross-reactivity against sera from animals infected with other helminth parasites. Remarkably, optical density (OD) readings from both i-ELISAs exhibited a positive quantitative correlation with infection intensity. The i-ELISA OD ranged from 0.45–0.74 (G3), 0.75–0.94 (G2), to 0.95–2.5 (G1). The nano-ELISA showed enhanced signal amplification, with OD ranging from 0.40–0.84 (G3), 0.85–0.99 (G2), to 1.0–3.5 (G1). This nanotechnology-amplified ELISA opens new, highly sensitive, and specific techniques for parasitic diagnosis in equine medicine. Its superior performance, facilitated by signal-amplifying gold nanoparticles, illuminates nanotechnology's potential in revolutionizing parasitological diagnostics for enhanced animal health and welfare management.
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spelling doaj-art-0075d437a1cc45e2ad5eaf47a8cf0c802025-08-20T02:17:13ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482024-12-0120111110.1186/s12917-024-04389-xDiagnostic innovations in Equine Parasitology: a Nanogold-ELISA for sensitive serodiagnosis of migratory strongylus vulgaris larvae infectionsHanadi B. A. Baghdadi0Mohamed Abdelsalam1Marwa M. Attia2Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Faisal UniversityDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityAbstract Strongylus vulgaris, a devastating parasitic nematode in equids, causes life-threatening verminous aneurysms that are challenging to diagnose early. This study pioneered integrating nanotechnology into an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA) system to enhance the sensitivity and specificity for detecting S. vulgaris larval antigens in equine serum samples, with PCR confirmation of the species. A conventional i-ELISA and an innovative nano-based ELISA were developed using excretory-secretory antigens from adult S. vulgaris worms. The nano-ELISA incorporated gold nanoparticles (17.4–41.4 nm) conjugated with detection antibodies, enabling remarkable signal amplification. Of the 120 examined equines, 100 (83.33%) were positive for S. vulgaris infection. A conventional i-ELISA and an innovative nano-ELISA incorporating 17.4–41.4 nm gold nanoparticles were optimized using S. vulgaris excretory-secretory antigens. Both assays demonstrated high specificity, with no cross-reactivity against sera from animals infected with other helminth parasites. Remarkably, optical density (OD) readings from both i-ELISAs exhibited a positive quantitative correlation with infection intensity. The i-ELISA OD ranged from 0.45–0.74 (G3), 0.75–0.94 (G2), to 0.95–2.5 (G1). The nano-ELISA showed enhanced signal amplification, with OD ranging from 0.40–0.84 (G3), 0.85–0.99 (G2), to 1.0–3.5 (G1). This nanotechnology-amplified ELISA opens new, highly sensitive, and specific techniques for parasitic diagnosis in equine medicine. Its superior performance, facilitated by signal-amplifying gold nanoparticles, illuminates nanotechnology's potential in revolutionizing parasitological diagnostics for enhanced animal health and welfare management.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04389-xStrongylus vulgarisIndirect-ELISANano-based ELISANanotechnologyVerminous aneurysms
spellingShingle Hanadi B. A. Baghdadi
Mohamed Abdelsalam
Marwa M. Attia
Diagnostic innovations in Equine Parasitology: a Nanogold-ELISA for sensitive serodiagnosis of migratory strongylus vulgaris larvae infections
BMC Veterinary Research
Strongylus vulgaris
Indirect-ELISA
Nano-based ELISA
Nanotechnology
Verminous aneurysms
title Diagnostic innovations in Equine Parasitology: a Nanogold-ELISA for sensitive serodiagnosis of migratory strongylus vulgaris larvae infections
title_full Diagnostic innovations in Equine Parasitology: a Nanogold-ELISA for sensitive serodiagnosis of migratory strongylus vulgaris larvae infections
title_fullStr Diagnostic innovations in Equine Parasitology: a Nanogold-ELISA for sensitive serodiagnosis of migratory strongylus vulgaris larvae infections
title_full_unstemmed Diagnostic innovations in Equine Parasitology: a Nanogold-ELISA for sensitive serodiagnosis of migratory strongylus vulgaris larvae infections
title_short Diagnostic innovations in Equine Parasitology: a Nanogold-ELISA for sensitive serodiagnosis of migratory strongylus vulgaris larvae infections
title_sort diagnostic innovations in equine parasitology a nanogold elisa for sensitive serodiagnosis of migratory strongylus vulgaris larvae infections
topic Strongylus vulgaris
Indirect-ELISA
Nano-based ELISA
Nanotechnology
Verminous aneurysms
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04389-x
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