Optical memory and counter using a graphene based hybrid plasmonic temporal integrator
Abstract This paper presents design and analysis of an optical memory and counter based on ultra-compact temporal integrators (INTs) using a graphene hybrid plasmonic add-drop ring resonator (GHP-ADRR) and pulley-type ring resonator (GHP-PRR) for optical signal processing. Due to the valuable featur...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88878-5 |
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| author | Faezeh Bahrami-Chenaghlou Amir Habibzadeh-Sharif Afshin Ahmadpour |
| author_facet | Faezeh Bahrami-Chenaghlou Amir Habibzadeh-Sharif Afshin Ahmadpour |
| author_sort | Faezeh Bahrami-Chenaghlou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This paper presents design and analysis of an optical memory and counter based on ultra-compact temporal integrators (INTs) using a graphene hybrid plasmonic add-drop ring resonator (GHP-ADRR) and pulley-type ring resonator (GHP-PRR) for optical signal processing. Due to the valuable features of graphene hybrid plasmonic technology, the footprint of these INTs is equal to 4 × 3.5 µm2 for GHP-ADRR and 5.4 × 3.6 µm2 for GHP-PRR. Also, the performance of the INTs has been analyzed by the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method in the frequency and time domains, and the accuracy of the results has been compared with those of the math counterparts and also key specifications of the first-order temporal INTs including phase jump, insertion loss, 3 dB bandwidth, rise time, integration time window, and energy efficiency have been investigated. Based on the results, both circuits have better performance than the photonic counterparts. Furthermore, the performance of these INTs has been evaluated in detail as a high-speed optical memory and counter. It has been illustrated that due to the greater quality factor of the GHP-PRR, this circuit has more accuracy for realizing the first-order integration, optical memory, and counter than the GHP-ADRR-based INT. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-006ffe109a3143b2bc28d6944a282cd8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-006ffe109a3143b2bc28d6944a282cd82025-02-09T12:32:52ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-88878-5Optical memory and counter using a graphene based hybrid plasmonic temporal integratorFaezeh Bahrami-Chenaghlou0Amir Habibzadeh-Sharif1Afshin Ahmadpour2Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Sahand University of TechnologyFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Sahand University of TechnologyFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Sahand University of TechnologyAbstract This paper presents design and analysis of an optical memory and counter based on ultra-compact temporal integrators (INTs) using a graphene hybrid plasmonic add-drop ring resonator (GHP-ADRR) and pulley-type ring resonator (GHP-PRR) for optical signal processing. Due to the valuable features of graphene hybrid plasmonic technology, the footprint of these INTs is equal to 4 × 3.5 µm2 for GHP-ADRR and 5.4 × 3.6 µm2 for GHP-PRR. Also, the performance of the INTs has been analyzed by the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method in the frequency and time domains, and the accuracy of the results has been compared with those of the math counterparts and also key specifications of the first-order temporal INTs including phase jump, insertion loss, 3 dB bandwidth, rise time, integration time window, and energy efficiency have been investigated. Based on the results, both circuits have better performance than the photonic counterparts. Furthermore, the performance of these INTs has been evaluated in detail as a high-speed optical memory and counter. It has been illustrated that due to the greater quality factor of the GHP-PRR, this circuit has more accuracy for realizing the first-order integration, optical memory, and counter than the GHP-ADRR-based INT.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88878-5Optical temporal integratorRing resonatorOptical memoryOptical counterHybrid plasmonics |
| spellingShingle | Faezeh Bahrami-Chenaghlou Amir Habibzadeh-Sharif Afshin Ahmadpour Optical memory and counter using a graphene based hybrid plasmonic temporal integrator Scientific Reports Optical temporal integrator Ring resonator Optical memory Optical counter Hybrid plasmonics |
| title | Optical memory and counter using a graphene based hybrid plasmonic temporal integrator |
| title_full | Optical memory and counter using a graphene based hybrid plasmonic temporal integrator |
| title_fullStr | Optical memory and counter using a graphene based hybrid plasmonic temporal integrator |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optical memory and counter using a graphene based hybrid plasmonic temporal integrator |
| title_short | Optical memory and counter using a graphene based hybrid plasmonic temporal integrator |
| title_sort | optical memory and counter using a graphene based hybrid plasmonic temporal integrator |
| topic | Optical temporal integrator Ring resonator Optical memory Optical counter Hybrid plasmonics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88878-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT faezehbahramichenaghlou opticalmemoryandcounterusingagraphenebasedhybridplasmonictemporalintegrator AT amirhabibzadehsharif opticalmemoryandcounterusingagraphenebasedhybridplasmonictemporalintegrator AT afshinahmadpour opticalmemoryandcounterusingagraphenebasedhybridplasmonictemporalintegrator |