Dual-Chain-Based Dynamic Authentication and Handover Mechanism for Air Command Aircraft in Multi-UAV Clusters

Cooperative multi-UAV clusters have been widely applied in complex mission scenarios due to their flexible task allocation and efficient real-time coordination capabilities. The Air Command Aircraft (ACA), as the core node within the UAV cluster, is responsible for coordinating and managing various...

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Main Authors: Jing Ma, Yuanbo Chen, Yanfang Fu, Zhiqiang Du, Xiaoge Yan, Guochuang Yan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Mathematics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/13/2130
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author Jing Ma
Yuanbo Chen
Yanfang Fu
Zhiqiang Du
Xiaoge Yan
Guochuang Yan
author_facet Jing Ma
Yuanbo Chen
Yanfang Fu
Zhiqiang Du
Xiaoge Yan
Guochuang Yan
author_sort Jing Ma
collection DOAJ
description Cooperative multi-UAV clusters have been widely applied in complex mission scenarios due to their flexible task allocation and efficient real-time coordination capabilities. The Air Command Aircraft (ACA), as the core node within the UAV cluster, is responsible for coordinating and managing various tasks within the cluster. When the ACA undergoes fault recovery, a handover operation is required, during which the ACA must re-authenticate its identity with the UAV cluster and re-establish secure communication. However, traditional, centralized identity authentication and ACA handover mechanisms face security risks such as single points of failure and man-in-the-middle attacks. In highly dynamic network environments, single-chain blockchain architectures also suffer from throughput bottlenecks, leading to reduced handover efficiency and increased authentication latency. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a mathematically structured dual-chain framework that utilizes a distributed ledger to decouple the management of identity and authentication information. We formalize the ACA handover process using cryptographic primitives and accumulator functions and validate its security through BAN logic. Furthermore, we conduct quantitative analyses of key performance metrics, including time complexity and communication overhead. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach ensures secure handover while significantly reducing computational burden. The framework also exhibits strong scalability, making it well-suited for large-scale UAV cluster networks.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2227-7390
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publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Mathematics
spelling doaj-art-00274bc4af714c2cb745e7d600df65c02025-08-20T03:50:16ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902025-06-011313213010.3390/math13132130Dual-Chain-Based Dynamic Authentication and Handover Mechanism for Air Command Aircraft in Multi-UAV ClustersJing Ma0Yuanbo Chen1Yanfang Fu2Zhiqiang Du3Xiaoge Yan4Guochuang Yan5School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, ChinaChina Ordnance Industry Testing and Research Institute, Weinan 714200, ChinaCooperative multi-UAV clusters have been widely applied in complex mission scenarios due to their flexible task allocation and efficient real-time coordination capabilities. The Air Command Aircraft (ACA), as the core node within the UAV cluster, is responsible for coordinating and managing various tasks within the cluster. When the ACA undergoes fault recovery, a handover operation is required, during which the ACA must re-authenticate its identity with the UAV cluster and re-establish secure communication. However, traditional, centralized identity authentication and ACA handover mechanisms face security risks such as single points of failure and man-in-the-middle attacks. In highly dynamic network environments, single-chain blockchain architectures also suffer from throughput bottlenecks, leading to reduced handover efficiency and increased authentication latency. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a mathematically structured dual-chain framework that utilizes a distributed ledger to decouple the management of identity and authentication information. We formalize the ACA handover process using cryptographic primitives and accumulator functions and validate its security through BAN logic. Furthermore, we conduct quantitative analyses of key performance metrics, including time complexity and communication overhead. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach ensures secure handover while significantly reducing computational burden. The framework also exhibits strong scalability, making it well-suited for large-scale UAV cluster networks.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/13/2130dual-chain architectureACA handoverformal modelingcryptographic accumulatordynamic authentication
spellingShingle Jing Ma
Yuanbo Chen
Yanfang Fu
Zhiqiang Du
Xiaoge Yan
Guochuang Yan
Dual-Chain-Based Dynamic Authentication and Handover Mechanism for Air Command Aircraft in Multi-UAV Clusters
Mathematics
dual-chain architecture
ACA handover
formal modeling
cryptographic accumulator
dynamic authentication
title Dual-Chain-Based Dynamic Authentication and Handover Mechanism for Air Command Aircraft in Multi-UAV Clusters
title_full Dual-Chain-Based Dynamic Authentication and Handover Mechanism for Air Command Aircraft in Multi-UAV Clusters
title_fullStr Dual-Chain-Based Dynamic Authentication and Handover Mechanism for Air Command Aircraft in Multi-UAV Clusters
title_full_unstemmed Dual-Chain-Based Dynamic Authentication and Handover Mechanism for Air Command Aircraft in Multi-UAV Clusters
title_short Dual-Chain-Based Dynamic Authentication and Handover Mechanism for Air Command Aircraft in Multi-UAV Clusters
title_sort dual chain based dynamic authentication and handover mechanism for air command aircraft in multi uav clusters
topic dual-chain architecture
ACA handover
formal modeling
cryptographic accumulator
dynamic authentication
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/13/2130
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