Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Sexual Dimorphism in the Bill of the White Stork (<i>Ciconia ciconia</i>)

Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Sexual Dimorphism in the Bill of the White Stork (<i>Ciconia ciconia</i>)

Sexual dimorphism in bill morphology influences foraging strategies and bird competitive interactions. This study uses geometric morphometric analyses to examine sex-based differences in the bill shape and size of <i>Ciconia ciconia</i>, a large wading bird. Standardized dorsal and later...

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Main Authors: Ebuderda Günay, Tomasz Szara, Buket Çakar, Emine İrem Deveci, Ali Serhan Coşkun, Gökhan Gün, Funda Yiğit, Ozan Gündemir, Sokol Duro, Mihaela Claudia Spataru
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Animals
Subjects:
allometry
sexual dimorphism
bill morphology
principal component analysis
sex determination
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/9/1312
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https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/9/1312

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