UK kidney association clinical practice guideline: update of anaemia of chronic kidney disease

Abstract Anaemia is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) encompassing non-dialysis dependent CKD (NDD-CKD) and dialysis dependent CKD (DD-CKD); people on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and haemodialysis (HD); and kidney transplant recipients (KTR). Iron deficiency and erythropoietin deficiency are the m...

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Main Authors: Sunil Bhandari, Sebastian Spencer, Ben Oliveira, Ashraf Mikhail, Owain Brooks, Gareth Bryant, Michelle Willicombe, Richard Baines, Louise Alldridge, Sally Haslam-England
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:BMC Nephrology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04115-1
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author Sunil Bhandari
Sebastian Spencer
Ben Oliveira
Ashraf Mikhail
Owain Brooks
Gareth Bryant
Michelle Willicombe
Richard Baines
Louise Alldridge
Sally Haslam-England
author_facet Sunil Bhandari
Sebastian Spencer
Ben Oliveira
Ashraf Mikhail
Owain Brooks
Gareth Bryant
Michelle Willicombe
Richard Baines
Louise Alldridge
Sally Haslam-England
author_sort Sunil Bhandari
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Anaemia is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) encompassing non-dialysis dependent CKD (NDD-CKD) and dialysis dependent CKD (DD-CKD); people on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and haemodialysis (HD); and kidney transplant recipients (KTR). Iron deficiency and erythropoietin deficiency are the most common causes of anaemia in people with CKD, especially those requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT). The Renal National Service Framework and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence in the UK, and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), all advocate treatment of anaemia in people with CKD. Blood transfusions are infrequently required, and newer therapies such as Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF-PHI) stabilisers are now in current use. This guideline provides evidence based graded practice guidance on the use of iron; comments on iron deficiency without anaemia in people with CKD; provide further information on anaemia management in people with a transplant and provide guidance in the use of the new HIF-PHI drugs. It also provides audit and research recommendations.
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issn 1471-2369
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publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher BMC
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series BMC Nephrology
spelling doaj-art-ce01baa1e63542a4aade5e6bbcce36b92025-08-20T02:24:26ZengBMCBMC Nephrology1471-23692025-04-0126113710.1186/s12882-025-04115-1UK kidney association clinical practice guideline: update of anaemia of chronic kidney diseaseSunil Bhandari0Sebastian Spencer1Ben Oliveira2Ashraf Mikhail3Owain Brooks4Gareth Bryant5Michelle Willicombe6Richard Baines7Louise Alldridge8Sally Haslam-England9Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustHull University Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustBarts Health NHS TrustSwansea Bay University Health BoardSwansea Bay University Health BoardCardiff and Vale University Health BoardImperial College Health Care TrustUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustNew Cross HospitalNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustAbstract Anaemia is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) encompassing non-dialysis dependent CKD (NDD-CKD) and dialysis dependent CKD (DD-CKD); people on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and haemodialysis (HD); and kidney transplant recipients (KTR). Iron deficiency and erythropoietin deficiency are the most common causes of anaemia in people with CKD, especially those requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT). The Renal National Service Framework and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence in the UK, and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), all advocate treatment of anaemia in people with CKD. Blood transfusions are infrequently required, and newer therapies such as Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF-PHI) stabilisers are now in current use. This guideline provides evidence based graded practice guidance on the use of iron; comments on iron deficiency without anaemia in people with CKD; provide further information on anaemia management in people with a transplant and provide guidance in the use of the new HIF-PHI drugs. It also provides audit and research recommendations.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04115-1AnaemiaErythropoietin, Hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylaseIronKidneyTransplant
spellingShingle Sunil Bhandari
Sebastian Spencer
Ben Oliveira
Ashraf Mikhail
Owain Brooks
Gareth Bryant
Michelle Willicombe
Richard Baines
Louise Alldridge
Sally Haslam-England
UK kidney association clinical practice guideline: update of anaemia of chronic kidney disease
BMC Nephrology
Anaemia
Erythropoietin, Hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase
Iron
Kidney
Transplant
title UK kidney association clinical practice guideline: update of anaemia of chronic kidney disease
title_full UK kidney association clinical practice guideline: update of anaemia of chronic kidney disease
title_fullStr UK kidney association clinical practice guideline: update of anaemia of chronic kidney disease
title_full_unstemmed UK kidney association clinical practice guideline: update of anaemia of chronic kidney disease
title_short UK kidney association clinical practice guideline: update of anaemia of chronic kidney disease
title_sort uk kidney association clinical practice guideline update of anaemia of chronic kidney disease
topic Anaemia
Erythropoietin, Hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase
Iron
Kidney
Transplant
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04115-1
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