The effect of surface roughness on the formation of passivation layer on the A356 aluminum alloy

Aluminum alloys are widely used in the automotive and aerospace industries due to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and workability. This study investigated the influence of surface roughness on the formation, composition, and adhesion of zirconium-based passivation lay...

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Main Authors: Jiawei Li, Dongzhu Lu, Quantong Jiang, Wenke Gao, Chaoqun Li, Qichao Zhang, Yishan Jiang, Yanliang Huang, Baorong Hou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Journal of Materials Research and Technology
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425020927
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author Jiawei Li
Dongzhu Lu
Quantong Jiang
Wenke Gao
Chaoqun Li
Qichao Zhang
Yishan Jiang
Yanliang Huang
Baorong Hou
author_facet Jiawei Li
Dongzhu Lu
Quantong Jiang
Wenke Gao
Chaoqun Li
Qichao Zhang
Yishan Jiang
Yanliang Huang
Baorong Hou
author_sort Jiawei Li
collection DOAJ
description Aluminum alloys are widely used in the automotive and aerospace industries due to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and workability. This study investigated the influence of surface roughness on the formation, composition, and adhesion of zirconium-based passivation layers on A356 aluminum alloy. Surface roughness was characterized using 3D laser confocal microscopy, and its correlation with passivation layer thickness, uniformity, and corrosion resistance was systematically analyzed. The passivation layers were characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS, and their electrochemical performance was evaluated in a 3.5 % NaCl solution. The results revealed that surface roughness affects the thickness and adhesion of the passivation layer; meanwhile, excessive roughness introduced defects and discontinuities. These findings provided new insights into the microstructural mechanisms underlying passivation layer formation and highlighted the critical role of surface treatment in optimizing corrosion resistance.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 2238-7854
language English
publishDate 2025-09-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Journal of Materials Research and Technology
spelling doaj-art-b4e39f4efed144e684bb5a0c84756b4f2025-08-24T05:12:51ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-09-01383100311310.1016/j.jmrt.2025.08.136The effect of surface roughness on the formation of passivation layer on the A356 aluminum alloyJiawei Li0Dongzhu Lu1Quantong Jiang2Wenke Gao3Chaoqun Li4Qichao Zhang5Yishan Jiang6Yanliang Huang7Baorong Hou8State Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266000, China; Qingdao Marine and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266200, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China; Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266000, China.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266000, China; Qingdao Innovation and Development Base, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao, 266000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266000, ChinaNavy Submarine Academy, Qingdao, 260199, China; Corresponding author.Navy Submarine Academy, Qingdao, 260199, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266000, ChinaAluminum alloys are widely used in the automotive and aerospace industries due to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and workability. This study investigated the influence of surface roughness on the formation, composition, and adhesion of zirconium-based passivation layers on A356 aluminum alloy. Surface roughness was characterized using 3D laser confocal microscopy, and its correlation with passivation layer thickness, uniformity, and corrosion resistance was systematically analyzed. The passivation layers were characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS, and their electrochemical performance was evaluated in a 3.5 % NaCl solution. The results revealed that surface roughness affects the thickness and adhesion of the passivation layer; meanwhile, excessive roughness introduced defects and discontinuities. These findings provided new insights into the microstructural mechanisms underlying passivation layer formation and highlighted the critical role of surface treatment in optimizing corrosion resistance.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425020927Aluminum alloyPassivation layerSurface roughnessCorrosionProtection
spellingShingle Jiawei Li
Dongzhu Lu
Quantong Jiang
Wenke Gao
Chaoqun Li
Qichao Zhang
Yishan Jiang
Yanliang Huang
Baorong Hou
The effect of surface roughness on the formation of passivation layer on the A356 aluminum alloy
Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Aluminum alloy
Passivation layer
Surface roughness
Corrosion
Protection
title The effect of surface roughness on the formation of passivation layer on the A356 aluminum alloy
title_full The effect of surface roughness on the formation of passivation layer on the A356 aluminum alloy
title_fullStr The effect of surface roughness on the formation of passivation layer on the A356 aluminum alloy
title_full_unstemmed The effect of surface roughness on the formation of passivation layer on the A356 aluminum alloy
title_short The effect of surface roughness on the formation of passivation layer on the A356 aluminum alloy
title_sort effect of surface roughness on the formation of passivation layer on the a356 aluminum alloy
topic Aluminum alloy
Passivation layer
Surface roughness
Corrosion
Protection
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425020927
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