Overcoming Antigen Escape and T-Cell Exhaustion in CAR-T Therapy for Leukemia
Leukemia is a prevalent pediatric cancer with significant challenges, particularly in relapsed or refractory cases. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as a personalized cancer treatment, modifying patients’ T cells to target and destroy resistant cancer cells. This study re...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Cells |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/13/18/1596 |
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| Summary: | Leukemia is a prevalent pediatric cancer with significant challenges, particularly in relapsed or refractory cases. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as a personalized cancer treatment, modifying patients’ T cells to target and destroy resistant cancer cells. This study reviews the current therapeutic options of CAR-T therapy for leukemia, addressing the primary obstacles such as antigen escape and T-cell exhaustion. We explore dual-targeting strategies and their potential to improve treatment outcomes by preventing the loss of target antigens. Additionally, we examine the mechanisms of T-cell exhaustion and strategies to enhance CAR-T persistence and effectiveness. Despite remarkable clinical successes, CAR-T therapy poses risks such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Our findings highlight the need for ongoing research to optimize CAR-T applications, reduce toxicities, and extend this innovative therapy to a broader range of hematologic malignancies. This comprehensive review aims to provide valuable insights for improving leukemia treatment and advancing the field of cancer immunotherapy. |
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| ISSN: | 2073-4409 |