Extended study of extreme geoelectric field event scenarios for geomagnetically induced current applications

Geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) flowing in man‐made ground technological systems are a direct manifestation of adverse space weather. Today, there is great concern over possible geomagnetically induced current effects on power transmission networks that can result from extreme space weather e...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chigomezyo M. Ngwira, Antti Pulkkinen, Victoria Wilder, Geoffrey Crowley
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2013-03-01
Series:Space Weather
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/swe.20021
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849394074297040896
author Chigomezyo M. Ngwira
Antti Pulkkinen
Victoria Wilder
Geoffrey Crowley
author_facet Chigomezyo M. Ngwira
Antti Pulkkinen
Victoria Wilder
Geoffrey Crowley
author_sort Chigomezyo M. Ngwira
collection DOAJ
description Geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) flowing in man‐made ground technological systems are a direct manifestation of adverse space weather. Today, there is great concern over possible geomagnetically induced current effects on power transmission networks that can result from extreme space weather events. The threat of severe societal consequences has accelerated recent interest in extreme geomagnetic storm impacts on high‐voltage power transmission systems. As a result, extreme geomagnetic event characterization is of fundamental importance for quantifying the technological impacts and societal consequences of extreme space weather. This article reports on the global behavior of the horizontal geomagnetic field and the induced geoelectric field fluctuations during severe/extreme geomagnetic events. This includes (1) an investigation of the latitude threshold boundary, (2) the local time dependency of the maximum induced geoelectric field, and (3) the influence of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) current on the occurrence of enhanced induced geoelectric fields over ground stations located near the dip equator. Using ground‐based and satellite‐borne Defense Meteorological Satellite Program measurements, this article confirms that the latitude threshold boundary is associated with the movements of the auroral oval and the corresponding auroral electrojet current system, which is the main driver of the largest perturbations of the ground geomagnetic field at high latitudes. In addition, we show that the enhancement of the EEJ is driven by the penetration of high‐latitude electric fields and that the induced geoelectric fields at stations within the EEJ belt can be an order of magnitude larger than that at stations outside the belt. This has important implications for power networks located around the electrojet belt and confirms that earlier observations by Pulkkinen et al. (2012) were not isolated incidences but rather cases that can occur during certain severe geomagnetic storm events.
format Article
id doaj-art-a73e5f8f39cd4fe498c8ba766d4ae7d6
institution Kabale University
issn 1542-7390
language English
publishDate 2013-03-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Space Weather
spelling doaj-art-a73e5f8f39cd4fe498c8ba766d4ae7d62025-08-20T03:40:11ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902013-03-0111312113110.1002/swe.20021Extended study of extreme geoelectric field event scenarios for geomagnetically induced current applicationsChigomezyo M. Ngwira0Antti Pulkkinen1Victoria Wilder2Geoffrey Crowley3Department of Physics Catholic University of America Washington DC USADepartment of Physics Catholic University of America Washington DC USALaboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics The University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USAAtmospheric and Space Technology Research Associates Boulder Colorado USAGeomagnetically induced currents (GIC) flowing in man‐made ground technological systems are a direct manifestation of adverse space weather. Today, there is great concern over possible geomagnetically induced current effects on power transmission networks that can result from extreme space weather events. The threat of severe societal consequences has accelerated recent interest in extreme geomagnetic storm impacts on high‐voltage power transmission systems. As a result, extreme geomagnetic event characterization is of fundamental importance for quantifying the technological impacts and societal consequences of extreme space weather. This article reports on the global behavior of the horizontal geomagnetic field and the induced geoelectric field fluctuations during severe/extreme geomagnetic events. This includes (1) an investigation of the latitude threshold boundary, (2) the local time dependency of the maximum induced geoelectric field, and (3) the influence of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) current on the occurrence of enhanced induced geoelectric fields over ground stations located near the dip equator. Using ground‐based and satellite‐borne Defense Meteorological Satellite Program measurements, this article confirms that the latitude threshold boundary is associated with the movements of the auroral oval and the corresponding auroral electrojet current system, which is the main driver of the largest perturbations of the ground geomagnetic field at high latitudes. In addition, we show that the enhancement of the EEJ is driven by the penetration of high‐latitude electric fields and that the induced geoelectric fields at stations within the EEJ belt can be an order of magnitude larger than that at stations outside the belt. This has important implications for power networks located around the electrojet belt and confirms that earlier observations by Pulkkinen et al. (2012) were not isolated incidences but rather cases that can occur during certain severe geomagnetic storm events.https://doi.org/10.1002/swe.20021Geomagnetically induced currentselectric power systemsextreme geoelectric fieldslatitude threshold boundaryauroral electrojet currentequatorial electrojet current
spellingShingle Chigomezyo M. Ngwira
Antti Pulkkinen
Victoria Wilder
Geoffrey Crowley
Extended study of extreme geoelectric field event scenarios for geomagnetically induced current applications
Space Weather
Geomagnetically induced currents
electric power systems
extreme geoelectric fields
latitude threshold boundary
auroral electrojet current
equatorial electrojet current
title Extended study of extreme geoelectric field event scenarios for geomagnetically induced current applications
title_full Extended study of extreme geoelectric field event scenarios for geomagnetically induced current applications
title_fullStr Extended study of extreme geoelectric field event scenarios for geomagnetically induced current applications
title_full_unstemmed Extended study of extreme geoelectric field event scenarios for geomagnetically induced current applications
title_short Extended study of extreme geoelectric field event scenarios for geomagnetically induced current applications
title_sort extended study of extreme geoelectric field event scenarios for geomagnetically induced current applications
topic Geomagnetically induced currents
electric power systems
extreme geoelectric fields
latitude threshold boundary
auroral electrojet current
equatorial electrojet current
url https://doi.org/10.1002/swe.20021
work_keys_str_mv AT chigomezyomngwira extendedstudyofextremegeoelectricfieldeventscenariosforgeomagneticallyinducedcurrentapplications
AT anttipulkkinen extendedstudyofextremegeoelectricfieldeventscenariosforgeomagneticallyinducedcurrentapplications
AT victoriawilder extendedstudyofextremegeoelectricfieldeventscenariosforgeomagneticallyinducedcurrentapplications
AT geoffreycrowley extendedstudyofextremegeoelectricfieldeventscenariosforgeomagneticallyinducedcurrentapplications