Optical Coherence Tomography Abnormalities as the Presenting Sign of an Involuted Sellar/Suprasellar Mass

Introduction: Pituitary adenomas are benign tumours that can lead to visual loss through compression of the optic chiasm. Patients with pituitary adenomas often present with visual field defects (commonly bitemporal hemianopia), but some may be asymptomatic. In such cases, abnormalities may only be...

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Main Authors: Arshia Vosoughi, Jonathan A. Micieli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Karger Publishers 2024-10-01
Series:Case Reports in Ophthalmology
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Online Access:https://beta.karger.com/Article/FullText/541680
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author Arshia Vosoughi
Jonathan A. Micieli
author_facet Arshia Vosoughi
Jonathan A. Micieli
author_sort Arshia Vosoughi
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Pituitary adenomas are benign tumours that can lead to visual loss through compression of the optic chiasm. Patients with pituitary adenomas often present with visual field defects (commonly bitemporal hemianopia), but some may be asymptomatic. In such cases, abnormalities may only be detected through visual field testing or optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL), which may provide a more sensitive method for detecting such abnormalities. Case Presentation: A 72-year-old man was incidentally found to have binasal OCT-GCIPL thinning during a routine eye examination. Visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Pupils were equal and reactive without a relative afferent pupillary defect. His Humphrey 24-2 SITA-Fast visual field test results were normal. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a nonenhancing (cystic) sellar/suprasellar mass measuring 1.7 cm craniocaudal by 2.1 cm anteroposteriorly, without associated optic chiasm compression. The lesion was suspected to be either a cystic pituitary adenoma or a Rathke’s cleft cyst. Follow-up examination 1 year later showed all findings remained stable, including an unchanged visual acuity, visual fields, OCT-GCIPL, and MRI. Conclusion: The binasal thinning observed on OCT-GCIPL in this case, despite the absence of chiasmal compression on MRI, is suggestive of previous compression of the optic chiasm. This case highlights the potential for spontaneous regression of pituitary adenomas and underscores the importance of OCT-GCIPL as a vital tool for detecting optic chiasmal damage.
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spelling doaj-art-749de482f920485984061bb80545148b2024-11-14T07:28:50ZengKarger PublishersCase Reports in Ophthalmology1663-26992024-10-0115175776110.1159/000541680541680Optical Coherence Tomography Abnormalities as the Presenting Sign of an Involuted Sellar/Suprasellar MassArshia Vosoughi0Jonathan A. Micieli1University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaIntroduction: Pituitary adenomas are benign tumours that can lead to visual loss through compression of the optic chiasm. Patients with pituitary adenomas often present with visual field defects (commonly bitemporal hemianopia), but some may be asymptomatic. In such cases, abnormalities may only be detected through visual field testing or optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL), which may provide a more sensitive method for detecting such abnormalities. Case Presentation: A 72-year-old man was incidentally found to have binasal OCT-GCIPL thinning during a routine eye examination. Visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Pupils were equal and reactive without a relative afferent pupillary defect. His Humphrey 24-2 SITA-Fast visual field test results were normal. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a nonenhancing (cystic) sellar/suprasellar mass measuring 1.7 cm craniocaudal by 2.1 cm anteroposteriorly, without associated optic chiasm compression. The lesion was suspected to be either a cystic pituitary adenoma or a Rathke’s cleft cyst. Follow-up examination 1 year later showed all findings remained stable, including an unchanged visual acuity, visual fields, OCT-GCIPL, and MRI. Conclusion: The binasal thinning observed on OCT-GCIPL in this case, despite the absence of chiasmal compression on MRI, is suggestive of previous compression of the optic chiasm. This case highlights the potential for spontaneous regression of pituitary adenomas and underscores the importance of OCT-GCIPL as a vital tool for detecting optic chiasmal damage.https://beta.karger.com/Article/FullText/541680optical coherence tomographysellar masssuprasellar masscase reportophthalmology
spellingShingle Arshia Vosoughi
Jonathan A. Micieli
Optical Coherence Tomography Abnormalities as the Presenting Sign of an Involuted Sellar/Suprasellar Mass
Case Reports in Ophthalmology
optical coherence tomography
sellar mass
suprasellar mass
case report
ophthalmology
title Optical Coherence Tomography Abnormalities as the Presenting Sign of an Involuted Sellar/Suprasellar Mass
title_full Optical Coherence Tomography Abnormalities as the Presenting Sign of an Involuted Sellar/Suprasellar Mass
title_fullStr Optical Coherence Tomography Abnormalities as the Presenting Sign of an Involuted Sellar/Suprasellar Mass
title_full_unstemmed Optical Coherence Tomography Abnormalities as the Presenting Sign of an Involuted Sellar/Suprasellar Mass
title_short Optical Coherence Tomography Abnormalities as the Presenting Sign of an Involuted Sellar/Suprasellar Mass
title_sort optical coherence tomography abnormalities as the presenting sign of an involuted sellar suprasellar mass
topic optical coherence tomography
sellar mass
suprasellar mass
case report
ophthalmology
url https://beta.karger.com/Article/FullText/541680
work_keys_str_mv AT arshiavosoughi opticalcoherencetomographyabnormalitiesasthepresentingsignofaninvolutedsellarsuprasellarmass
AT jonathanamicieli opticalcoherencetomographyabnormalitiesasthepresentingsignofaninvolutedsellarsuprasellarmass