A Multiyear CONUS‐Wide Analysis of Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines

ABSTRACT Lightning strikes to wind turbines (WTs) pose significant hazards and operational costs to the renewable wind industry. These strikes fall into two categories: downward cloud‐to‐ground (CG) strokes and upward discharges, which can be self‐initiated or triggered by a nearby flash. The incide...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ryan Said, Eric Grimit, Martin Murphy
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-03-01
Series:Wind Energy
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/we.70000
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850078273401257984
author Ryan Said
Eric Grimit
Martin Murphy
author_facet Ryan Said
Eric Grimit
Martin Murphy
author_sort Ryan Said
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Lightning strikes to wind turbines (WTs) pose significant hazards and operational costs to the renewable wind industry. These strikes fall into two categories: downward cloud‐to‐ground (CG) strokes and upward discharges, which can be self‐initiated or triggered by a nearby flash. The incidence of each type of strike depends on several factors, including the electrical structure of the thunderstorm and turbine height. The strike rates of CG strokes and triggered upward lightning can be normalized by the amount of local lightning activity, where the constant of proportionality carries units of area and is often termed the collection area. This paper introduces a statistical analysis technique that uses lightning locating system (LLS) data to estimate the collection areas for downward and triggered upward lightning strikes to WTs. The technique includes a normalization method that addresses the confounding factor of neighboring WTs. This analysis method is applied to 7 years of data from the National Lightning Detection NetworkTM and the US WT Database to investigate the dependence of collection areas on blade tip height. The results are compared against estimates of collection areas derived from counts of LLS‐detected CG strokes close to WTs.
format Article
id doaj-art-6cf12a3c3e924dfca7be27fd6d575d7f
institution DOAJ
issn 1095-4244
1099-1824
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Wind Energy
spelling doaj-art-6cf12a3c3e924dfca7be27fd6d575d7f2025-08-20T02:45:37ZengWileyWind Energy1095-42441099-18242025-03-01283n/an/a10.1002/we.70000A Multiyear CONUS‐Wide Analysis of Lightning Strikes to Wind TurbinesRyan Said0Eric Grimit1Martin Murphy2Vaisala Inc. Louisville Colorado USAVaisala Inc. Seattle Washington USAVaisala Inc. Louisville Colorado USAABSTRACT Lightning strikes to wind turbines (WTs) pose significant hazards and operational costs to the renewable wind industry. These strikes fall into two categories: downward cloud‐to‐ground (CG) strokes and upward discharges, which can be self‐initiated or triggered by a nearby flash. The incidence of each type of strike depends on several factors, including the electrical structure of the thunderstorm and turbine height. The strike rates of CG strokes and triggered upward lightning can be normalized by the amount of local lightning activity, where the constant of proportionality carries units of area and is often termed the collection area. This paper introduces a statistical analysis technique that uses lightning locating system (LLS) data to estimate the collection areas for downward and triggered upward lightning strikes to WTs. The technique includes a normalization method that addresses the confounding factor of neighboring WTs. This analysis method is applied to 7 years of data from the National Lightning Detection NetworkTM and the US WT Database to investigate the dependence of collection areas on blade tip height. The results are compared against estimates of collection areas derived from counts of LLS‐detected CG strokes close to WTs.https://doi.org/10.1002/we.70000lightninglightning measurementsupward‐initiated lightningwind turbines
spellingShingle Ryan Said
Eric Grimit
Martin Murphy
A Multiyear CONUS‐Wide Analysis of Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines
Wind Energy
lightning
lightning measurements
upward‐initiated lightning
wind turbines
title A Multiyear CONUS‐Wide Analysis of Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines
title_full A Multiyear CONUS‐Wide Analysis of Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines
title_fullStr A Multiyear CONUS‐Wide Analysis of Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines
title_full_unstemmed A Multiyear CONUS‐Wide Analysis of Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines
title_short A Multiyear CONUS‐Wide Analysis of Lightning Strikes to Wind Turbines
title_sort multiyear conus wide analysis of lightning strikes to wind turbines
topic lightning
lightning measurements
upward‐initiated lightning
wind turbines
url https://doi.org/10.1002/we.70000
work_keys_str_mv AT ryansaid amultiyearconuswideanalysisoflightningstrikestowindturbines
AT ericgrimit amultiyearconuswideanalysisoflightningstrikestowindturbines
AT martinmurphy amultiyearconuswideanalysisoflightningstrikestowindturbines
AT ryansaid multiyearconuswideanalysisoflightningstrikestowindturbines
AT ericgrimit multiyearconuswideanalysisoflightningstrikestowindturbines
AT martinmurphy multiyearconuswideanalysisoflightningstrikestowindturbines