Influence of the phase composition of the TiO<sub>2</sub> matrix on the optical properties and morphology of deposited C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>x</sub> nanoparticles
The use of oxygen modified graphite-like carbon nitride (C3N4Ox), photosensitive in the visible region of the optical spectrum, along with TiO2, photocatalytically active only in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, in the C3N4Ox/TiO2 binary photocatalyst, opens a possibility of the use of sunlig...
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Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Хімія, фізика та технологія поверхні |
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| Online Access: | https://cpts.com.ua/index.php/cpts/article/view/567 |
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| author | M. E. Bondarenko P. M. Silenko Yu. M. Solonin A. V. Ragulya M. M. Zahornyi V. V. Shvalagin N. I. Gubareni O. Yu. Khyzhun |
| author_facet | M. E. Bondarenko P. M. Silenko Yu. M. Solonin A. V. Ragulya M. M. Zahornyi V. V. Shvalagin N. I. Gubareni O. Yu. Khyzhun |
| author_sort | M. E. Bondarenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of oxygen modified graphite-like carbon nitride (C3N4Ox), photosensitive in the visible region of the optical spectrum, along with TiO2, photocatalytically active only in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, in the C3N4Ox/TiO2 binary photocatalyst, opens a possibility of the use of sunlight energy. To increase opportunities of various kinds of photochemistry-related applications of C3N4Ox/TiO2 photocatalyst, the phase composition of the TiO2 matrix and morphology of nanoparticles of composite and their optical properties are very important. A novel composite material, C3N4Ox/TiO2, was synthesized in the present work in accordance with the approach developed in Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NASU for the synthesis of powdered oxygen-doped carbon nitride (C3N4Ox) by CVD method under the special reactionary conditions of the melamine pyrolysis, in particular, in the presence of a fixed air volume. Deposition of C3N4Ox carried out on the surface of a nanostructured powdered TiO2 matrix of different phase composition, rutile or anatase. The deposition of C3N4Ox (~5 % O) on both rutile and anatase nanopowders was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis-DRS) methods. SEM micrographs (recorded with a MIRA3 TESCAN scanning electron microscope) of nanoparticles of both C3N4Ox/TiO2 composites (anatase and rutile phases) demonstrate the arrangement of TiO2 as separate globular nanoparticles and clusters between the plates and in the channels of the porous scaly plates C3N4Ox. However, the anatase phase nanoparticles (synthesized in IPM NASU) have a higher dispersion, the average size of non-aggregated almost monodisperse particles is about 10 nm. Using UV/Vis spectroscopy, it has been found that a redshift of long-wavelength edge of the fundamental absorption band of the spectra is observed when going from TiO2 (anatase), TiO2 (rutile), C3N4, C3N4Ox/TiO2 (anatase), C3N4Ox/TiO2 (rutile) and, then, to C3N4Ox, and the band gap decreases from 3.2, 3.0, 2.6, 2.4, 2.25 to 2.1 eV in the above sequence of materials. In such a case, C3N4Ox/TiO2 (especially deposited on anatase phase) would absorb more visible light than g-C3N4 and TiO2, by generating more charges which favor the improvement in the photoactivity of the catalysts.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3453cb42e7da4129b90d0da1fa196a0c |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2079-1704 2518-1238 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Хімія, фізика та технологія поверхні |
| spelling | doaj-art-3453cb42e7da4129b90d0da1fa196a0c2025-08-20T03:08:27ZengChuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of NAS of UkraineХімія, фізика та технологія поверхні2079-17042518-12382020-11-0111410.15407/hftp11.04.492Influence of the phase composition of the TiO<sub>2</sub> matrix on the optical properties and morphology of deposited C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>x</sub> nanoparticlesM. E. Bondarenko0P. M. Silenko1Yu. M. Solonin2A. V. Ragulya3M. M. Zahornyi4V. V. Shvalagin5N. I. Gubareni6O. Yu. Khyzhun7Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of UkraineFrantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of UkraineFrantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of UkraineFrantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of UkraineFrantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of UkrainePisarzhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of UkraineFrantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of UkraineFrantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of UkraineThe use of oxygen modified graphite-like carbon nitride (C3N4Ox), photosensitive in the visible region of the optical spectrum, along with TiO2, photocatalytically active only in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, in the C3N4Ox/TiO2 binary photocatalyst, opens a possibility of the use of sunlight energy. To increase opportunities of various kinds of photochemistry-related applications of C3N4Ox/TiO2 photocatalyst, the phase composition of the TiO2 matrix and morphology of nanoparticles of composite and their optical properties are very important. A novel composite material, C3N4Ox/TiO2, was synthesized in the present work in accordance with the approach developed in Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NASU for the synthesis of powdered oxygen-doped carbon nitride (C3N4Ox) by CVD method under the special reactionary conditions of the melamine pyrolysis, in particular, in the presence of a fixed air volume. Deposition of C3N4Ox carried out on the surface of a nanostructured powdered TiO2 matrix of different phase composition, rutile or anatase. The deposition of C3N4Ox (~5 % O) on both rutile and anatase nanopowders was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis-DRS) methods. SEM micrographs (recorded with a MIRA3 TESCAN scanning electron microscope) of nanoparticles of both C3N4Ox/TiO2 composites (anatase and rutile phases) demonstrate the arrangement of TiO2 as separate globular nanoparticles and clusters between the plates and in the channels of the porous scaly plates C3N4Ox. However, the anatase phase nanoparticles (synthesized in IPM NASU) have a higher dispersion, the average size of non-aggregated almost monodisperse particles is about 10 nm. Using UV/Vis spectroscopy, it has been found that a redshift of long-wavelength edge of the fundamental absorption band of the spectra is observed when going from TiO2 (anatase), TiO2 (rutile), C3N4, C3N4Ox/TiO2 (anatase), C3N4Ox/TiO2 (rutile) and, then, to C3N4Ox, and the band gap decreases from 3.2, 3.0, 2.6, 2.4, 2.25 to 2.1 eV in the above sequence of materials. In such a case, C3N4Ox/TiO2 (especially deposited on anatase phase) would absorb more visible light than g-C3N4 and TiO2, by generating more charges which favor the improvement in the photoactivity of the catalysts. https://cpts.com.ua/index.php/cpts/article/view/567anataserutileC3N4Ox/TiO2 compositeO-doped carbon nitridephotocatalystpyrolysis |
| spellingShingle | M. E. Bondarenko P. M. Silenko Yu. M. Solonin A. V. Ragulya M. M. Zahornyi V. V. Shvalagin N. I. Gubareni O. Yu. Khyzhun Influence of the phase composition of the TiO<sub>2</sub> matrix on the optical properties and morphology of deposited C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>x</sub> nanoparticles Хімія, фізика та технологія поверхні anatase rutile C3N4Ox/TiO2 composite O-doped carbon nitride photocatalyst pyrolysis |
| title | Influence of the phase composition of the TiO<sub>2</sub> matrix on the optical properties and morphology of deposited C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>x</sub> nanoparticles |
| title_full | Influence of the phase composition of the TiO<sub>2</sub> matrix on the optical properties and morphology of deposited C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>x</sub> nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Influence of the phase composition of the TiO<sub>2</sub> matrix on the optical properties and morphology of deposited C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>x</sub> nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of the phase composition of the TiO<sub>2</sub> matrix on the optical properties and morphology of deposited C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>x</sub> nanoparticles |
| title_short | Influence of the phase composition of the TiO<sub>2</sub> matrix on the optical properties and morphology of deposited C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>x</sub> nanoparticles |
| title_sort | influence of the phase composition of the tio sub 2 sub matrix on the optical properties and morphology of deposited c sub 3 sub n sub 4 sub o sub x sub nanoparticles |
| topic | anatase rutile C3N4Ox/TiO2 composite O-doped carbon nitride photocatalyst pyrolysis |
| url | https://cpts.com.ua/index.php/cpts/article/view/567 |
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