Proton Pump Inhibitors Use in Patients With Ischemic Stroke on Dual Antiplatelet Therapy at Low Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Background Current guidelines lack recommendations regarding the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) among patients at low risk for UGIB treated with dual antiplatelet therapy for ischemic stroke (IS). Our objective was to assess the effectivene...

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Main Authors: Minyoul Baik, Jimin Jeon, Seok‐Jae Heo, Jinkwon Kim, Joonsang Yoo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-01-01
Series:Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease
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Online Access:https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.035239
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author Minyoul Baik
Jimin Jeon
Seok‐Jae Heo
Jinkwon Kim
Joonsang Yoo
author_facet Minyoul Baik
Jimin Jeon
Seok‐Jae Heo
Jinkwon Kim
Joonsang Yoo
author_sort Minyoul Baik
collection DOAJ
description Background Current guidelines lack recommendations regarding the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) among patients at low risk for UGIB treated with dual antiplatelet therapy for ischemic stroke (IS). Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of PPIs in lowering the risk of significant UGIB in this patient group. Methods and Results A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving patients at low risk for UGIB admitted for IS between 2014 and 2018 and treated with dual antiplatelet therapy. The study used a nationwide claims database in Korea. The primary end point was significant UGIB during 12 months after IS. To evaluate the risk of significant UGIB based on PPI use, we performed a multivariable Cox regression analysis. Subgroup analyses and propensity score matching analysis were conducted for validation. Among 96 722 patients with IS at low risk for UGIB who were on dual antiplatelet therapy (mean age, 67.0 years; men: 63.0%), 16 084 (16.6%) were treated with PPIs. During 12 months of follow‐up, 325 patients experienced significant UGIB, and 479 experienced any UGIB. PPI use was associated with a reduced risk of significant UGIB (hazard ratio, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.45–0.89]; P=0.009). This association was consistent in the subgroup and propensity score matching analyses. Conclusions In patients with IS receiving dual antiplatelet therapy, PPI use reduced the risk of significant UGIB by 37% on average, even among low‐risk patients. However, the use of PPIs in this patient group was limited, highlighting the need for additional prospective studies.
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spelling doaj-art-2f3eaa8e4d3b4912b320e4f7a7d451d92025-08-20T03:24:32ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802025-01-0114110.1161/JAHA.124.035239Proton Pump Inhibitors Use in Patients With Ischemic Stroke on Dual Antiplatelet Therapy at Low Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal BleedingMinyoul Baik0Jimin Jeon1Seok‐Jae Heo2Jinkwon Kim3Joonsang Yoo4Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Yongin‐si Gyeonggi‐do South KoreaDepartment of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Yongin‐si Gyeonggi‐do South KoreaDivision of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of KoreaDepartment of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Yongin‐si Gyeonggi‐do South KoreaDepartment of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Yongin‐si Gyeonggi‐do South KoreaBackground Current guidelines lack recommendations regarding the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) among patients at low risk for UGIB treated with dual antiplatelet therapy for ischemic stroke (IS). Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of PPIs in lowering the risk of significant UGIB in this patient group. Methods and Results A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving patients at low risk for UGIB admitted for IS between 2014 and 2018 and treated with dual antiplatelet therapy. The study used a nationwide claims database in Korea. The primary end point was significant UGIB during 12 months after IS. To evaluate the risk of significant UGIB based on PPI use, we performed a multivariable Cox regression analysis. Subgroup analyses and propensity score matching analysis were conducted for validation. Among 96 722 patients with IS at low risk for UGIB who were on dual antiplatelet therapy (mean age, 67.0 years; men: 63.0%), 16 084 (16.6%) were treated with PPIs. During 12 months of follow‐up, 325 patients experienced significant UGIB, and 479 experienced any UGIB. PPI use was associated with a reduced risk of significant UGIB (hazard ratio, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.45–0.89]; P=0.009). This association was consistent in the subgroup and propensity score matching analyses. Conclusions In patients with IS receiving dual antiplatelet therapy, PPI use reduced the risk of significant UGIB by 37% on average, even among low‐risk patients. However, the use of PPIs in this patient group was limited, highlighting the need for additional prospective studies.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.035239dual antiplatelet therapyischemic strokeproton pump inhibitorupper gastrointestinal bleeding
spellingShingle Minyoul Baik
Jimin Jeon
Seok‐Jae Heo
Jinkwon Kim
Joonsang Yoo
Proton Pump Inhibitors Use in Patients With Ischemic Stroke on Dual Antiplatelet Therapy at Low Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease
dual antiplatelet therapy
ischemic stroke
proton pump inhibitor
upper gastrointestinal bleeding
title Proton Pump Inhibitors Use in Patients With Ischemic Stroke on Dual Antiplatelet Therapy at Low Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
title_full Proton Pump Inhibitors Use in Patients With Ischemic Stroke on Dual Antiplatelet Therapy at Low Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
title_fullStr Proton Pump Inhibitors Use in Patients With Ischemic Stroke on Dual Antiplatelet Therapy at Low Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
title_full_unstemmed Proton Pump Inhibitors Use in Patients With Ischemic Stroke on Dual Antiplatelet Therapy at Low Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
title_short Proton Pump Inhibitors Use in Patients With Ischemic Stroke on Dual Antiplatelet Therapy at Low Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
title_sort proton pump inhibitors use in patients with ischemic stroke on dual antiplatelet therapy at low risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding
topic dual antiplatelet therapy
ischemic stroke
proton pump inhibitor
upper gastrointestinal bleeding
url https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.035239
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AT seokjaeheo protonpumpinhibitorsuseinpatientswithischemicstrokeondualantiplatelettherapyatlowriskofuppergastrointestinalbleeding
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